Art of forming matchable bearings



y 30, 1929- H. E. BRUNNER 3,7223

ART OF FORMING MATCHABLE BEARINGS Original Filegi March 23, 192? 2Shana-Sheet A 12 m w *1? If -12? izz Y 'gvwemtoz HaraZdEBrannr July 3G,1929. H. E. BRUNNER ART OF FORMING MATCHABLE BEARINGS HaroldEBranner aR. &;

Patented July 30, 1929.-

UNITED STATES morn E. 33mm, or LARGHMONT, NEW YORK, ASSIGIN'OR. TO THEBass-BRIGHT PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORA- MANUFACTURINGQOMPANY, OF TIDN OF DELAWARE.

1,722,494 PATENT. OFFICE.

A3 OE FORMING MATOEABJIE BEARINGS.

Original application filed March 23, 1927, Serial No. 177,478. Dividedand this application filed February 8, 1928. Serial No. 251,486. I

This application is a division of my copending application Serial No.177 ,47 8, filed March 23,1927.

The object of this invention is to produce an anti-friction bearing ofsuch construction that when two of these hearings are mounted side bysidea predetermined amount of force will be required to clampthem-together, and

when so clamped, internal loads will be set up,

in the bearings, one result is that the rolling elements being ballsthese are moved into positions theoretically assumed by balls in thegrooves when the bearings are subjected to axial load in oppositedirections, the points of ball contact being on oblique lines.

Reference is made to the accompanying drawings for a more completeunderstanding of the invention; in which drawings,

. more especially reassembly whenever the Figure 1 represents thebearing in axial section, the difference however in widths of the innerand the outer ring being exaggerated. 1

Fig. 2 represents anaxial section of a pair of bearings made inpracticing my invention and mounted upon a portion 0 in elevation, therelative difference between the rings of'these bearings being alsoexaggerated. U

Fi 3 illustrates the eight difierent ways in whic a pair ofbearings'such as those illustrased in Fig. 2 may be mounted on a shaft,an Y Fig. 4 is an elevation partly in axial section of a machine whichmay be used in practicing this invention. a I

For the purpose of stabilizing a rotary part, for instance a high-s eedspindle, it has been proposed to mount t e spindleor other part on apair of ball bearings disposed side by side and y placing shims betweeneither the inner or the outer rings and clamping the un-' shimmed ringstogether, taking up not only incidental looseness and also anycapability of yielding under such loads as the part is expected to placeon the bearings. Others to accomplish this result have resorted tolapping the meeting side faces of the inner or the outer rmgs of a pairof bearings an amount calculate to be sufiicient to give the desiredeffect. Both of these practices are but workshop expedients of uncertainvalue, not only in the original assembly of the machine, but

a shaft shown machine is taken apart. Assuming that a sh m of therequisite thickness were originally selected or that the requisiteamount were lapped oil the rings, there is no assurance thatthe-original shim will be replaced, or thatthe detail later in thisspecification.

The bearing made by practicin my inventlon 1s lllustrated in exaggeratedorm in F igure 1. This bearing is shown comprising an 7 outer ring 5,which will be assumed to be of standard A. E. dimensions, and an innerring 6 wh ch upon eachside of the center line 7 ot the r ng and of therace groove 8 is narrower than the outer ring by an amount in excess ofthe S. A. E tolerance. The bearmg 1s represented of the deep groovesingle row Conrad type in which the series of balls 9 has a rather closefit. While the sides a a I of the outer ring 5 are shown disposed con-.

siderably outwardly of the sides 6 b of the inner race 6, in practicethe amount of difference will be measured within a few ten thousandthsof an inch. While the drawings show the inner ring as the narrower, itis perfectly obvious that for different styles of mounting than thatshown in Fig. 2, it may be desirable to make the inner ring the wider. Ipurpose so manufacturing these rings in uantities that it will requirethe application 0 the same amount of force to bring either of the resective sides of the narrower ring into the p ane of the correspondingside of the Wider ring in each of the bearin s, so that when any two ofthese bearings, ta en at random from the mass, are indiscriminately orinterchangeably. placed upon a shaft in any one of the eight possiblerelative positions, upon the application of predetermined ressure to thenarrower rings, the wider rings willbe clamped together and the narrowerrings caused to meet; the balls of each set assuming angular contactwith its associated rings and being under a predetermined amount of.compression, the side faces of bothinner rings and of both outer ringsmeeting on a common plane. I

The amount removed or tobe removed from the side of a ring is notmeasured by a and into the common plane upon which the.

certain fixed reduction in the width of the yet I have found itexpedient to adopt the t at is,

ring at its respective sides, as compared with the width of thecorresponding sides of the .other ring, but by the pressure or forcenecessary to bring the ground 'side of the ring to bring eachof theground sides to'the plane of the corresponding side of the other ring ofthat bearing, then one may be assured that the members of this paircanbe matched or mated in any one of the possible permutathe apparatusillustrated in Fig. 4 to beof tions. My invention goes further thanthis; any bearing will match and mate with any other bearing having thesame size and pressure displacement factor;

The advantage of this to the user is not only ease in reassembly but thepossibility of replacing one bearing of 'a pair with another which willfunction correctly. 1

A pair of bearings made in accordance with I my invention are shownmounted upon the journal 10 of a shaft 11, which journal is shown as ofreduced diameter, a shoulder 12, resulting from such reduction. Theinner rings 14 and 15 of the pair of bearings are represented as beingthe narrower rings and these are mounted on the journal 10, the ring 14being pressed against the shoulder 12 and the ring 15 pressed againstsuch ring 14 by means of a nut 16 engaging the screw thread 17 formed onthe ournal 10. The outer rings 18 and 19 are shown pressed together andthe balls of each row 20 and 21 having opposite-- shoulder 12 isrequired to bring the meeting faces of the narrower rings 14 and 15together faces of the wider rings 18-19 meet.-

Any two similar bearings having the same pressure displacement factorcan be taken at random and mounted together on a shaft. p

tions. a

While it is possible to manufacture the bearings in quantity in severaldifferent ways,

.35 of the chuck,

method of assembling the bearing, the rlngs and set of ,balls and aretainer, and

while holding one ring againstaxiaLdisplace-z ment, apply thepredetermined amount of,

pressure to the other ring in an. a 'aLdirection and grind itsprotruding side ace into the plane of the side face of the ring which isheld against movement, then reverse the ring and pursue the same methodwith the other side. It will then be possible to mount together a pairof bearings so formed whether they are made at the same time or atdifferent times or at different places.

In carrying out this method I have found considerable assistance.Broadly, the parts of the mechanism of interest comprise a head 25having a pair of bearing housings 26-26 in which is mounted a rotaryspindle 27 shown as driven by means of a belt pulley 28.

The front end of the spindle carries a chuck I plate 29 which has a bore30 slightly larger than the outer diameter of the outer ring of thehearing which is to'be held. Such outer ring is held in position b meansof a releasable screw threaded Inem er 31, which has an inwardly flaringface 32 adapted to engage the usual chamfer at the edge of the outerring v.(see' 33 Figure 1). The bore of the inner ring of the-bearing isshown as having a close fit with the hub portion 34 of the back plate eside face of the inner ring resting'a ainst the face of this plate 35.

After t e hearing has beenmounted in the chuck a predeterm1ned amount ofpressure is applied to the inner ring and it is forced toward the righthand side in'Fig. 4 against the resistance of the balls, the outer ringbeing forced a ainst the face 32. This will. cause theside ace oftheinner ring to extend outwardly beyond the side face of the outer ring,

whereupona suitable lapping or grinding wheel will be a pliedfor'reducingsuch outwardly protru face of the inner ring. A suitablegauging evice will be employed for indicating. when the inner ring hasbeen ground to theplane of the outer ring.

The means illustrated for appl ing the ressure is a rod- 36 attached tothe ack side of the plate 35 and extending through the spindle 27 at therear end 0 the machine where it fits in a socket of a block 37 havingscrew threaded connection with a nut 38 mounted for rotation on anextension 39 of the shaft 27, but held from longitudinal movebinedradial and thrust bearing 40. The nut member 38 is" rovided with gearteeth 41 which mesh wit a pinion 42 carried by a removable key 43. Theamount of pressure will be measured by means of some suitable gaugerepresented at 44. While the spindle 27 is at rest the operator appliesthe key 43 turning the pinion 42 and t e nut 38 unt1l the rod 36 'mentin relation thereto by means of a comforces the plate 35 and the innerring mounted upon such plate and on the hub 34 forward under thepredetermined desired pressure.

To those skilled in the art of manufacturing and of mountinganti-friction vbearings, it will be obvious that it would be impossibleto state in this patent application a table of pressures to be appliedto the respective rings in grinding or lapping one to be narrower thanthe other, since this will have to be determined not only for each sizeof bearing but for each particular kind of service which each size ofbearing is intended to perform. It will also be obvious that variousother means ma be employed for carrying out thisholding one race ringagainst axial displacement in one direction, then applying apredetermined axial pressure in the same direction to the other ring,and then grinding the side face of the pressed ring on the side'towardwhich it is pressed and bringing it into the plane of the correspondingslde face of the held ring.

2. The art of producing bearings, which consists in holding one racering of a radial ball or roller bearing against axial displacement inone direction, then applying a predetermined axial pressure in the samedirection to the other ring, and then grinding the side face of thepressed ring on the side toward which it is pressed and bringing it intothe fplane of the corresponding side face of the eld ring.

Signed at New York, N. Y., this second day of February, 1928.

HAROLD E. BRUNNER.

